Why prune the fig tree?

Pruning the fig tree has several benefits that contribute to the health of the tree and the quality of the harvest.

First, pruning limits   the height of the tree   to facilitate fruit harvesting. Then, it promotes   the production of new shoots   and thus increases yield.

Finally, pruning helps to   balance the branches   and prevent them from becoming entangled, which facilitates air circulation and light penetration, thus limiting the development of diseases.

When is the best time to do it?

As for the ideal time to prune the fig tree, it is recommended to do so in   spring  , generally between March and April, when temperatures are milder and the risk of frost has passed.

This period also coincides with the end of the tree’s dormancy and the beginning of bud growth.

The tools needed to prune the fig tree

To properly prune your fig tree, you will need a few  essential gardening tools  to make clean and precise cuts.

Here is the list of tools to prepare:

• Pruning shears   : for cutting small branches and twigs.
• Pruner   : for pruning thicker branches, up to about 5 cm in diameter.
• Pruning saw   : to cut larger branches, or those located at a certain height.
• Telescopic pole   : If your fig tree is especially tall, this tool will allow you to reach the highest branches without having to climb a ladder.
• Garden Gloves   : To protect your hands from cuts and abrasions.

Also, make sure your tools are   clean and sharp   to prevent injury to the tree and help heal pruning wounds.

The basic principles for pruning the fig tree

Before starting pruning, it is important to know the basic principles for pruning the fig tree effectively and respecting its growth.

Here are the key points to consider:

1. Tree formation:   The fig tree is a leafy tree, with branches that often grow out of the ground. The aim of pruning is to preserve this natural shape while keeping the inside of the tree clear to facilitate air circulation and access to light.
2. Fruiting:   The fig tree produces fruit on the branches of the previous year, called “two-year wood”. It is therefore important to preserve these branches during pruning so as not to compromise the harvest.
3. Light pruning:   Unlike other fruit trees, fig trees do not require severe pruning. It is more a matter of maintenance pruning, cutting off dead, diseased or overgrown branches, and slightly shortening the branches to stimulate fruit production.

Steps to prune the fig tree in spring

Once you know the basics, all you have to do is start pruning your fig tree.

These are the steps to follow:

1. Observe and plan:   Before you start cutting, take the time to observe your fig tree and identify the branches that need to be removed or shortened. This step will allow you to anticipate the cuts and avoid mistakes.
2. Remove unwanted branches:   Start by removing dead, diseased, broken or bulky branches, making sure to cut at the base of the branch or at the level of a healthy branch. Don’t hesitate to also remove suckers and shoots growing at the foot of the tree, as they consume energy unnecessarily and harm fruiting.
3. Shortening the branches:   To stimulate fruit production, cut the previous year’s branches to about 5-10 cm from their base, leaving 2 to 3 buds. This operation encourages the development of fruit buds and increases yield.
4. Balance the branches:   Finally, make sure to distribute the branches evenly around the trunk, cutting back those that cross or are too close together. The aim is to promote air circulation and access to light, limit the development of diseases and encourage the ripening of the fruit.

If you already have a healthy, shapely fig tree, you can get by with occasional light pruning to maintain the tree and preserve its balance.

On the other hand, if your fig tree is young or poorly formed, do not hesitate to intervene more markedly to give it a good structure and improve its fruiting.

By following these tips and pruning your fig tree in spring with care and discernment, you will be actively involved in the good development of your tree and the quality of your harvest. So, grab your pruning shears and happy gardening!